Which part of the brain governs respiration and circulation?

The medulla oblongata is the part of the brain that governs respiration and circulation. It plays a critical role in autonomic functions such as regulating the heart rate and controlling the rhythm and depth of breathing. The medulla oblongata acts as a crucial pathway for communication between the brain and the spinal cord, allowing it to monitor and adjust vital functions without conscious control.

In addition to its functions related to respiration and circulation, the medulla oblongata also contains centers that control reflexes such as swallowing, vomiting, and coughing, all of which are vital for maintaining the body's homeostasis. By regulating the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the medulla oblongata ensures that the body gets enough oxygen and that blood circulation is maintained appropriately, which is essential for survival.