Which artery supplies blood to the brain and eyes?

The internal carotid artery is the primary vessel responsible for supplying blood to the brain and eyes. It branches off from the common carotid artery, which divides into the internal and external carotid arteries.

The internal carotid artery ascends through the neck and enters the skull to provide oxygen-rich blood to crucial areas of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres. Additionally, branches from the internal carotid artery supply blood to the eyes, primarily through the ophthalmic artery, ensuring that both the brain and the eyes receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen required for optimal function.

In contrast, while the external carotid artery primarily supplies blood to the face and neck, the jugular vein is responsible for draining blood from the head and neck, and the vertebral artery supplies blood to parts of the posterior brain and spinal cord, but does not directly supply the eyes.