What is the role of nephrons in the kidneys?

Nephrons play a crucial role in the kidneys by filtering blood. Each kidney contains approximately one million nephrons, which are the functional units responsible for the filtration process. They remove excess fluid, waste products, and other substances from the bloodstream, producing urine in the process. The filtration occurs primarily in the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where blood is filtered, followed by reabsorption and secretion processes in the renal tubules.

This filtering action is vital for maintaining the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance, regulating blood pressure, and eliminating waste products, thus preventing the accumulation of toxic substances in the body. Understanding the function of nephrons underscores their essential contribution to kidney health and overall bodily function.