What do axons do?

Axons are specialized structures of neurons that play a crucial role in the nervous system by transmitting signals to other neurons. They are long, slender projections that carry electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body and towards other neurons, muscles, or glands. This transmission is essential for communication within the nervous system, allowing for the rapid coordination of bodily functions.

When a neuron is activated, an electrical signal known as an action potential travels down the axon. Once the signal reaches the end of the axon, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which then cross the synaptic gap to relay the signal to the next neuron. This process of signal transmission is fundamental to all neurological processes, including reflexes, voluntary movements, and sensory perception.

While the other options mention important functions related to the nervous system, they specifically do not describe the role of axons. Axons do not receive messages directly; that function is primarily the role of dendrites. Autonomic functions are regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which involves various types of neurons and centers, but is not solely attributed to axons themselves. Regulating sensory input primarily involves sensory receptors and pathways leading to the brain, rather than the isolated action of axons. Thus, the primary